Changes in Ethnic and Religious Diversity

Question: 1. Basically examine the originations of Australian national personality introduced in two Australian movies or TV arrangement created after 2001. 2. ' Australia is situated in Asia however has never been a piece of Asia. Basically evaluate the legitimacy of this announcement corresponding to Australia since the 1970s. AIX290-390 Field Report Essay Assessment 3. Why has financial imbalance expanded in Australia since the 1970s? What have been the outcomes of this expansion for the personal satisfaction in Australia? 4. How have examples of ethnic and strict decent variety changed in Australia since the 1970s? How have governments reacted to these changes? 5. Look into Australian mentalities towards movement with ONE of the United States or Korea or another nation in East Asia. 6. The Australian reaction to shelter searchers exhibits that bigotry is perfectly healthy in Australia. Do you concur? 7. Look into the Australian experience of carbonpricing with ONE of the United States, Kor ea, Peoples Republic of China or another nation in East Asia 8. How have indigenous Australians tested the Australian country state since the 1970s? How has the pilgrim greater part reacted to their requests? 9. Why and how has Sydney increased a universal notoriety as a focal point of gay life? 10. Why has the reason for marriage correspondence been more effective in the United States than in Australia? 11. Thoroughly analyze the noteworthiness of religion in Australian existence with its centrality with ONE of the United States, Korea or another nation in East Asia. 12. The experience of Julia Gillard as Prime Minister exhibited that sexism is perfectly healthy in Australia. Do you concur? 13. What are the likenesses and contrasts between the Australian Labor Party and the American Democrats? AIX290-390 Field Report Essay Assessment 14. What are the likenesses and contrasts between the Liberal and National gatherings and the American Republicans? Answer: Presentation: In late situation, it is apparent that the there is presence of cross-societies in each country. There is increasingly social reliance of different networks and the interrelatedness has expanded fundamentally particularly after the globalization. These days, there is social variety in every single country. It tends to be said that verifiably the contentions among different races and ethnic gatherings are apparent. It is obvious that, as the time passed such clashes were settled in the general public and it prompted increasingly fair framework in different social orders (wiliam, 2015). In ongoing decades multi-culturism is one of the perceived words by the scholastics, social pundits and the strategy producers. It is apparent that Australia is one of the nations where such changes have been obvious and the examples of ethnic and strict decent variety has changed in the nation in the previous scarcely any decades (Collins, 2013). The fundamental point of this paper is to basically talk about the progressions ethnic and strict assorted variety in Australia since 1970s. Previously, experiencing the adjustments in ethnic and strict assorted variety, it is essential to comprehend both the terms well indeed. It is noticed that OSullivan (2014) characterized theethnic grouporethnicityas a particular class of individuals whorecognize with each otheron the premise of widespreadinherited, common, instructive or across the country experience. Then again, the term strict decent variety can be clarified from different edges, for example, from psychosomatic, anthropological, or sequential purpose of perspectives. The current contention, by the by, will stress itself mainly with a few key perspectives neighboring strict decent variety, specifically methodical mastermind of strict conviction, are generally uncertain at present (OSullivan, 2014). Here, the examination likewise talked about how the administration has reacted to such changes. Changes in Ethnic and Religious Diversity in Australia since 1970s: It is obvious that there has been social and ethnic decent variety in Australia and it has changed essentially in the previous hardly any decades. Here it very well may be said that 1995 is the International Year of Tolerance as assigned by the United Nations and it thought about the multi-social nature in Australia. It is apparent that different societies have developed in Australia with no serious issues that are seen in different nations (Australia.gov.au, 2015). There are a few estimates that can be utilized to show various attributes of the strict, social and ethnic decent variety of Australia. There is sure level of debate that is clear in the nation also. One of the troubles that were looked in the nation was as far as finding the ethnicity of the individuals. Australian censuses on the origin and the religion can introduce constrained issues that were for the most part brought about by changing limits after some time. Previously, it was announced by most Australians the adherence to a particular division which was typically Catholic or Protestant. The instructive government assistance organizations and holy places were increasingly keen on the strict information yet as of late the eliteness of the categories were not all that unbending as non-Christian groups were additionally extended in Australia. The ethnic quality and the focus can be estimated by the ethnic origin and strict information. In the accompanying table the quantity of original and second era individuals with English talking and non-English talking foundation in 1991 (Forrest and Dunn, 2011). Source: (Abs.gov.au, 2015) It is obvious that individuals from different relocation nations have come in Australia and that has created the second era in the nation. The gatherings chiefly incorporate individuals from Austria, Ireland, Malta, Netherlands, Germany, Greece, Italy, and United Kingdom. The subsequent age essentially dwarfs the first. Here it very well may be said that the new thousand years started in Australia with an enormous and assorted populace base. There has been 5% expansion in the inhabitants who are brought into the world abroad. It is additionally clear that there has been a decrease in the Australia conceived inhabitants. As of late, the progression of individuals in Australia having an origin of United Kingdom is 5.5%. Around 6.3% of the individuals in Australia are conceived in the Middle-east, North Africa and Asia. In this way there has been critical social assorted variety is Australia since 1970s. The ethnic structure of the nation changed essentially, particularly after the Second World War. After the War, the quantity of relocated individuals entering Australia from different nations expanded. In 1947, the greater part of the individuals moved in Australia were from English-talking nations (White, 2009). Since 1971, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals were remembered for the agreement. After 1971, the assorted variety in the ethnic gatherings expanded altogether. The blended drops were additionally arranged in other racial class because of high memorable fixation on race despite the fact that they were very acclimatized in the standard. So as to come in the ongoing statistics count, indigenous individuals decided to order themselves as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander starting point (migrationpolicy.org, 2002). Here it very well may be said that the size of ethnic gatherings can't be resolved certainly versatile ethnic gathering idea. In the displaceme nt circumstance there is a component of decision and the thing that matters is between the non-residents and residents. In 1973, the racial arrangement of migration was relinquished by Australian government as there was no purpose behind the ethnic gathering restriction (OSullivan, 2014). There were changing patterns of finding the proxy for ethnicity. From the outset it was origination which turned into the unacceptable measure, after that it was evaluated by religion. In 1976, language was the principle proportion of ethnicity. In the accompanying table, a portion of the ethnicities as far as origin, religion and language are appeared. Source: (Abs.gov.au, 2015) There are different components of ethnicities and after 1991; self-distinguishing proof was remembered for the Census for the native individuals (Unesco.org, 2015). In Australia, it was seen that the ethnic minorities and explicit gathering of individuals moved specifically zones and it was frequently named as ghettos. Presently the administration reactions to the ethnic and strict assorted variety can be examined. Government Responses to the ethnic and strict assorted variety in Australia Since the very beginning as a vital structure the reaction towards the necessities of the migrants the ethnic and the strict assorted varieties have become an idea that detected the developing social decent variety in the general public particularly during the later piece of the twentieth century. Be that as it may, this multi-social and ethnic assorted variety has been commonly challenged and subsequently have been extremely dubious and investigated as for the security and the social questions pervasive in the start of the twenty-first century (Roy, 2012). In Australia the primary Department of Immigration was built up in 1945. From that point forward the legislature was centered around the approaches identifying with the settlement of the outsiders and open talk because of this (ZAPPALA, 1998). Because of this the multicultural decent variety in the Australian culture changed and the accentuation moved from absorbing and coordinating to multi-social assorted variety. All things considered as of late the move has again centered to digestion. Towards the finish of 1960s, the arrangements of the administration had just moved towards incorporation and mindfulness spread on the challenges which the new outsiders confronted. The legislature additionally endeavored to make such approaches that would bolster the workers to effectively coordinate in the Australian culture without the dread of losing their national personality (Neale, Kleinert and Bancroft, 2000). Universally there were nations that were generally inviting the workers in their nations, for example, Canada. Because of this during 1970s the acknowledgment of these multi-societies in the Australian culture incr

Analyze The Development Of Tom Joad In The Grapes Of Wrath Essay Example For Students

Break down The Development Of Tom Joad In The Grapes Of Wrath Essay In the event that you consider Ma Joad solid, at that point think about Pa limestone The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, shows an entire family and their battles. The grapes of Wrath is designed according to a scriptural reference to the Israelites, divine beings picked individuals. They additionally left their property, Egypt, and meandered into the desert for some years,searching futile for a guaranteed land, the place that is known for milk and nectar. A great deal like the Israelites, numerous ranchers in the nation started moving to California. The Joads I accept had no real option except to leave the residue bowl to look for some kind of employment. They likewise needed to cross the desert and lost the life of Grandma Joad all the while. During the downturn the Joads ranch was dispossessed. Them and surrounding them were driven from their property. The downturn made all be amazingly poor. On the off chance that this hadnt been the situation the vagrants would have all made it toward the west coast significantly simpler. The nation set itself up during the downturn in a manner that caused just an endless loop. The nation was stuck and held itself there. Steinbeck was attempting to catch a normal sadness cleared family. In this inquiry he made the Joads. Banks started to abandon ranches and individuals got destitute. The misfortunes of all that they claimed made individuals must choose between limited options. The main path was to leave. They were driven from their territory. A troublesome battle lied ahead for the individuals. They left with all that they claimed. There was close to nothing, they lashed it onto, for the most part to a decrepit old get truck. With Steinbeck attempting to show the genuine issues intermitanly presented all the political angles and viewpoints of the downturn. He would, in odd sections, show the perspectives that lay for everybody, not simply the Joads. Stein beck regularly indicated the preference and scorn for the transients. Some place around the center of the book an okie family stops at a side of the road 66 truck stop. They are planning to get some bread with the insignificant cash they have apportioned. The server is severe and attempts to dispose of the man. She turns down his requirements for an a large portion of a portion of bread. her supervisor turns and denounces her. The man is sold a limited quantity of bread for his cash. The man goes to see his sons looking at the sweets case. It eats at his stomach to realize that he cannot bear to purchase his young men candy. The man meekly inquires as to whether t!he candy is penny candy. The server answers no. The man throbs. The server turns and expresses that its two for a penny. Grinning as they head not far off the server likes herself as the confections were a nickel a piece. The downturn and all the vagrant brought a great deal of resentment and outrage. Be that as it may, in a couple of cases it likewise made individuals draw up a kinder side of the server Mae, was appeared by Steinbeck. Most likely the greatest demonstration of generosity Steinbeck shows is toward the finish of the novel. The greatest images found without anyone else lead to the misfortune. Rose of Sharon Joad loses her infant before she conveys. A short time later, as were exceptionally acquainted with comes extraordinary flooding. This is the place Steinbeck shows the coming liberality. Rose of Sharon bosom takes care of a destitute more odd, sparing an actual existence. The impact on individuals in light of the downturn is appeared by Steinbeck. He gives the grace and the harshness that went to our nation. The impact originates from death and destitution simply equivalent to whenever period however the reason was a lot more grounded the downturn. .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d , .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .postImageUrl , .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d , .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:hover , .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:visited , .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:active { border:0!important; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:active , .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .focused content region { width: 100%; position: re lative; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u3 cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u3cad99dbf32d76aa29a4c086a155ed1d:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Bipolar Disorder Essaywww.123student.comWords/Pages : 608/24

Pop quiz, Viktor

Pop quiz, Viktor According to my favorite website ever, StatCounter, somebody from Australia found this site by Googling the phrase what happens when you rapidly cool hot metal?. Well, thats what Ive been asking for a while now. Turns out that there is no page on the entire internet that scientifically explains exactly how the climax of Fantastic 4 works. So, to rectify this, I decided to take matters into my own hands and e-mail Professor Christoper A. Schuh, an associate professor of metallurgy in the department of materials science and engineering (Course 3). Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2005 17:06:10 -0400 [08/02/05 17:06:10 EDT] From: Sam Maurer To: Professor Christopher A. Schuh Subject: Metal cooling question Dear Professor Schuh, I am an MIT undergrad in chemical engineering and I have a question that none of my friends in Course 3 have been able to answer. In the movie Fantastic Four, the heroes face a villain whose body is described as an organic-metal alloy harder than titanium and stronger than diamond. To defeat him, they heat his body to supernova temperatures of 4000 K, which has no visible effect upon him, and then spray him with water from a fire hydrant. This completely immoblizes him and also neutralizes his powers, which involve firing electricity from his hands. Prior to this, the hero taunts Pop quizchemistry 101. What happens when you rapidly cool hot metal? My question is whether this complete immobilization would indeed be the effect of rapidly cooling hot metal. Sorry to bother you with such a question, but Im assuming that it must have a relatively simple answer and that as a professor of metallurgy, you would be the most knowledgable individual at MIT on this subject. Thank you very much, Sam Much to my surprise, I received a response. Date: Thu, 04 Aug 2005 09:21:10 -0400 [09:21:10 EDT] From: Christopher Schuh To: Sam Maurer Subject: Re: Metal cooling question At 05:06 PM 8/2/2005 -0400, you wrote: [Show Quoted Text 16 lines] Hi Sam, Interesting premise you describe here. Rapidly cooling metal will indeed tend to have an immobilizing effect on the atoms, which vibrate more as more thermal energy is available (kT), and less as the temperature is lowered. However, this says nothing about thermal history- if the alloy is at room temperature it is equally frozen whether or not it was heated and quenched to get there. It seems to me that the villain should be frozen prior to the heating cycle in the first place. The other possibility is that the heating and cooling cycle changes the microstructure of the alloy, but the details of microstructure changes are alloy-specific, and probably not the domain of Chemistry 101. As a point of interest, it is worth noting that 4000 K is hot enough to melt every element in the periodic table. Of slightly less technical concern, the comments on the strength of the alloy seem relatively meaningless. While hardness and strength do have different technical meanings, they are actually more or less synonymous. A material stronger than diamond is guaranteed to be harder than titanium and every other material known to mankind today ;) Chris By the time I got this response, I had already e-mailed a similar question to Brian 05, currently a PhD candidate in the department of materials science and engineering. Brian was nice enough to offer some insight into the process at the molecular level, which Professor Schuh found to be beyond the scope of Chemistry 101. Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2005 17:01:45 -0400 [08/02/05 17:01:45 EDT] From: Brian N. To: Sam Maurer Subject: Re: bad science question On Tue, Aug 02, 2005 at 04:44:29PM -0400, Sam Maurer wrote: [Show Quoted Text 20 lines] Oh, this is actually quite accurate. If you very rapidly cool a metal melt, it forms a metallic glass. Of course, all of the organometallic alloys I know of are stronger than titanium, harder than diamond, and dont melt at supernova temperatures, so I guess this doesnt apply this seems to be supported by how they just dont let him melt. I suppose in the case where hes not melted by the supernova temperatures, the structure would already be crystalline and so it wouldnt form a metallic glass. They might be referring to fracturing that could be caused by the rapid shrinking of the metal as local areas experience vast temperature gradients. Of course, that wouldnt solidify him so thats out. Oh, maybe the organic part of the alloy is super strong and prevents him from melting by holding the metal in, even though the metal is actually in liquid form. That would be cool. In that case, I guess the liquid metal part of his system would become metallic glass. Metallic glass is way stronger than crystalline metal (its nearly impossible to break because there arent any fracture planes), so if he was deforming the alloy with the organic part of the matrix, perhaps the organic part was no longer able to apply enough strain to get the metallic part to deform? Yeah, thats got to be it. So have faith in your movie heros, theres usually some way that it might maybe be theoretically possible that what theyre doing would work Oh, the stress fracturing thing I think it basically works like this. High temperature, the spacing between atoms is larger. Low temperature the spacing is smaller. If theres a change of a million degrees over a millimeter of metal (local temperature gradients) thats a really big lattice mismatch between adjacent planes that can cause huge numbers of dislocations to form of course, if his alloy was that strong this would probably just make it stronger, but if it was enough, it might make it crack. I dont think Ive actually ever seen this happen myself though. Brian The secret to living a good life is to find something you truly love to do, and *then* find someone to pay you for it. -Gerry Sussman Well, now you know.

Customer Service Excellence Free Essay Example, 2750 words

Many businesses employ customer feedback mechanism to receive the thoughts of the customers on the nature of services provided and seek ways of improving the service as per the customer suggestions. In assessing customer satisfaction for public organizations, there is need to employ direct interactions with customers and obtaining the necessary information that provides the business with the necessary information to complete the customer satisfaction process. The information is used in analyzing the customer s responses and ensuring that the results of the efforts of the business are paying results. Analyzing customer services and feedback for ways of measuring the efforts and the impact that they have on the customers is vital in sensing the direction that the business is taking in ensuring customer satisfaction and excellence (Bergeron Blander, 2002, p. These provide the assessment criteria for analyzing the efforts the company puts in ensuring the expectations of the customer ar e met regularly. In creating customer excellence, customers have expectations in every business they approach for services through making good decisions in staffing to improve customer service (Plunkett Attner, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service Excellence or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Any business that aims at satisfying these expectations requires having a good approach to the customer needs. During the recession period, there were a number of changes in the system that addresses customer expectations and the customer needs. Among the many aspects that changed, include cultures in customer excellence with regard to customer services. For the supermarkets, the recession caused changes that have developed to affect some of the supermarket businesses. Among the many strategies that supermarkets try to use, as a way of keeping the customer expectations taken care of is the ability to have many items under one roof. As a big food retailer and supermarket, needs to pay attention to customer services pays (Selleit, 2000). Dealing with many things at the same time gives supermarket and edge in the retail business making them more successful.

Probation and Punishment Essay - 674 Words

Is Kris able to come back to society after probation? Kris Young is 25 years old, and got into some trouble at age 13and received probation for a case involving battery. While Kris was on probation he was arrested for criminal trespass and he had received additional probation time. Some of my results from the file review did not match Roberts. Two views in which Robert and I had the same were giving Kris and extension for probation period beyond the original two years. Because Kris fail to pay his fine amount within the stipulated period and was giving the extension so that he will have time to pay off his fine. Another view in which was the same was Kris having a successful completion of his probation was the same, because he got†¦show more content†¦Probation reports and recommendations remain in your court file forever, although they are kept confidential from the general public without a court order. The majority of criminal cases are resolved by way of a plea bargain. Plea bargains (also known as negotiated dispositions, p lea agreements, or deals) involve the defendant entering a plea of guilty (or no contest) to one or more charges, usually lesser charges, in exchange for a promise of a substantially reduced sentence. But even when the prosecutor and the attorney cut a deal, sentencing is always decided by the court. Sometimes, a client will go to trial and be found guilty of one or more of the charges. This, too, may involve lesser charges to those of which he or she was originally accused. When either of these things happens, either a plea bargain or a guilty verdict, the defendant is referred to probation by the court, because the judge usually does not know enough about the defendant or the nature of the offense to make an informed and intelligent decision about the sentence. When the client is referred to probation is when the probation officers work begins. The PO conducts an investigation, prepares a report, and makes the recommendation as to what the judge should do at sentencing. As mentioned earlier, the court is free to follow the recommendation contained in the report, or deviate from it, but the report and recommendation is alwaysShow MoreRelatedProbation And Punishment Essay examples692 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Probation and Punishment In review of Kris’ file, I learned that Kris had been in trouble in the past, as a juvenile, Kris was arrested both for battery and trespassing and now as an adult Kris has been arrested for theft. Kris, now a married adult is looking to â€Å"start over and have a life outside of crime. In review of Kris’ probation paperwork, I do agree with Robert’s decision for thoughts for the most part. 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Controversial Essay High School Students Free Essays

To order an article, please click this link www. thepensters. com/gimatria. We will write a custom essay sample on Controversial Essay: High School Students or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thank you. Most controversial essays are emotionally-packed, hot issues that are intensifying and debatable in nature, thus, sparking conflicts. They contain disputable topics of recurring interests. Simply put, any essay contents where strong contentions are typically presented for long periods build up into particular forms of controversy. Hence, they are generally considered highly polemical pieces of essay. The reason for this is that people have varied ideas and opinions regarding topics that are contentious, debatable or disputable. Controversial essays polarize people to raise powerful arguments in favor of or against any issues. This results from concepts or ideas that have distinct viewpoints, which comprise any specific contexts. Most people are good in writing this type of essay mainly because they follow these basic ideas underlying any controversial essay topics, as follows: First, you will not find any comprehensive guidelines of composing controversial essay topics, but only opinionated views. Subjective topics and observations in crafting articles generally generate controversies but primarily entirely relative. They ensure first if a particular article is a personal essay, opinion piece, news report, persuasive article or thingamajig. Anyway, you should usually come up with timely content articles in furnishing details for this type of essay. Second, identify your subject theme and be familiar with the argument. Remain centered on the theme. Have understanding of your subject matter by doing some research to write impartial content. Just take into account to keep yourself unbiased, except if it is your opinion or own piece. Needless to say, if you would like to write a contentious topic, pick one out that will appropriately elicit your own understanding about the given issue. Even so, be ready to be disputed and/or corrected. Third, be sensitive to your readers. Keep this in mind when writing: Know whom you are addressing or target audience. Keep the readers’ interest and concentrate on the end results. Ask yourself some of these questions: What is your objective as an essayist? Is your essay a controversial article, news items, or persuasive in nature? Provide only correct factual observations even when you are trying to be creative explaining some theories. Readers can be offended or even annoyed with a contentious topic; yet, this does not constitute injurious expressions or offensive practice in the slightest form. Remember, as a writer, you’ve the right to contradict or denounce unfair remarks. As such, obnoxious content should never be tolerated. On the other hand, your readers can consider forgoing your piece, talk about it, or disregard it altogether. That could be their decision. Nevertheless, no writer should be abused. Excessive prejudicial opinions and hateful bashing need to be dealt with judiciously. Injurious activities are unacceptable and no readers or author owns a right to damage or harm another person. In summary, if you choose to create controversial essay topics, yours may result in serious debates requiring supporting evidences. Really, you need profoundly, sensitive understanding of proper argumentation to deal mainly with opinionated essays, which are simply and entirely subjective any way you view them. Eilvu Gimatria Essay Guide To order an article, please click this link www. thepensters. com/gimatria. Thank you. How to cite Controversial Essay: High School Students, Essay examples

Organizational Behavior which is Followed in Netbay Internet

Question: Discuss the organizational behavior which is followed in Netbay Internet. Answer: 1.0 Introduction In this assignment the researcher has discussed the organizational behavior which is followed in Netbay Internet. Netbay Internet is an internet service provider in Australia (Netbay.com.au 2016). Netbay Internet has provided internet service in Australia for a period of near about ten years. The organization is mainly located in Victoria and provides services almost across Australia. The organization mainly provides internet services in houses and offices through Broadband and dial-up connections. Near about 300 hundred employees are looking after the services of the organization (Netbay.com.au 2016). This assignment will discuss the present organizational culture and organizational structure of the organization. 2.0 Discussion 2.1 Organizational culture of Netbay Internet Organizational culture in an organization may be understood as the behavior and the values of the employees in any organization. Organizational culture creates a unique social and psychological environment within an organization. According to Ater, Givati and Rigbi (2014), employees in organizations are composed of people from different religions and cultures and this can be seen in Netbay Internet. The Chief Executive Officer of the organization takes the main decision in the organization and others execute the orders. Therefore, aggressive culture prevails in the organization and this creates confusion among the employees. The education level of the employees in the organization is also different. It is often seen that the employer of the organization do not communicate transparently with the employees about their strategies and this in turn leads to miscommunication among the employees of the organization. Behavior and attitudes of the employees in the organization is an important part for the proper functioning of Netbay Internet. Netbay Internet is planning to change the mindsets of the employees in the organization with the inclusion of values, respect and integrity within the organizational culture (Bakay 2015). This will help the employees of the organization to build collaboration and develop good interpersonal relationships among each other. Effective collaboration among the employees is missing in the organization. The employees are not properly communicated with each other. This has created miscommunication with the employees and top management. Openness is also another important characteristic which is missing in Netbay Internet. In the initial days, the employees in the organization were afraid to speak to the top management about their problems. Therefore, a community has been created by the employees of the organization through which their messages are communicated to the top management. However the community is not so strong in the organization. In the organization Netbay Internet training is not provided to the employees. This often creates a problem for the new joiners in the organization. New technology is also introduced by the organization to meet the requirement of the customers. However no training facility is provided to the employees to cope up with this new technology. This process has made the employees of the organization unsatisfied. Rewards and reorganization are not considered by the employer of the organization. This demotivates the employees in the organization. The pay packages of the employee are also not up to mark with the standard industry. The employees within the organization are also not promoted to the next higher level. All these have made the employees speak a bad mouth about the organization. 2.2 Organizational structure of Netbay Internet The organizational structure shows the different activities which are followed in an organization. Netbay Internet follows a centralized power structure. In this structure, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the organization generally takes the main decision and other members execute the functions (Ljungholm 2014). The organization Netbay Internet has three departments. They are the Marketing Department, Information Technology Department and Human Resource department. Figure 1: Organizational Structure of Netbay Internet (Source: Created by the author) The organization Netbay Internet generally follows autocratic leadership structure. In this autocratic leadership structure the organization follows centralized power structure. In this structure the top management takes the decision and the other employee only follow the orders. The organizational structure is composed of three departments. Each department has managers who look after the different activities. Netbay Internet is also overloaded with lot of mangers. This often creates problem within the organization. Different mangers have different views and this lead to conflict among the employees. Therefore the organization cannot reach its goal effectively. The marketing department of Netbay Internet takes part in developing the brand name of the organization. The marketing manager takes decision regarding the advertisement of the organization through the television or radio. The Internet is also used by the marketing manager to promote the services (Wittman 2014). The Information Technology department in Netbay Internet is responsible for purchasing and maintaining the network equipment (Lazaroiu 2015). Network manager has to maintain the server in the organization. The human resource manager of Netbay Internet looks after the wellbeing of the employees. The human resource manager looks after the recruitment, training, safety and payroll of the employees (Douma 2015). He or she also looks after the attendance of the employees and maintains a good relationship with the employees. This activity has improved the efficiency of the employees The employees within the organization also lacks in specialization. As the employees in the organization are not specialized they often come across different types of problem. The problems cannot be easily solved and this reduces the productivity of the organization as a whole. The organization is facing problems because of lack of specialization. In the structure followed by the organization decisions are taken by the top management. Lower level employees only execute the orders of the top management. The lower level executives cannot make any decision. All these hamper the functioning of the organization. 3.0 Recommendation In the organization Netbay Internet aggressive culture is followed. The CEO is the main decision maker in the organization and others have little part in it. So in order to resolve problem following recommendations are taken by the organization. To introduce a transparent policy in the organization. To prevent employee harassment by introducing new rules. To introduce decentralize power structure, where junior level employees can take decision. To introduce relationship-driven approach in the organization. Warm and friendly relation is developed by the employees of the organization through relationship driven approach. Through a relationship-driven approach, the customers of the organization are handled effectively and efficiently. This process has increased the revenue generation of the organization. Rewards and reorganization should be introduced in the organization. Rewards should be mainly in the form of monetary benefits. This will motivate the employees to give their best efforts. The best employee of the year can also enjoy a free trip to Singapore with their family. This process should motivate the employees in Netbay Internet to give their best efforts. The employer should have arranged a training facility for the new recruits in the organization. The new joiners are given training for a period of 30 days in the organization. In these 30 days, the new joiners are trained about their activities and procedures to be followed in the organization. The first fifteen days are in-house training and the remaining fifteen days are on the job training. Along with these, the employees in the organization are also trained when a new technology is implemented in the organization. Therefore such training will help the employees in the organization to carry out their activities and thereby improve the productivity of the organization. To reduce the pressure of the employees by introducing fun session. 4.0 Conclusion The researcher has thoroughly discussed the organizational structure in Netbay Internet. Effective collaboration among the employees in the organization increases the productivity of the organization. Rewards and recognitions are also discussed by the researcher. A brief description of the organizational culture is also described by the researcher in this assignment. The researcher has also discussed about the recommendation which will solve problems in the organization. References Ater, I., Givati, Y. and Rigbi, O. 2014, "Organizational structure, police activity and crime",Journal of Public Economics,vol. 115, pp. 62-71. Bakay, A. 2015, "Does Interpersonal Trust Influence Organizational Behavior?",Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics,vol. 8, no. 15, pp. 219-238. Douma, C. 2015, "Designing a Quality and Safety Organizational Structure",Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews,vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 53-56. Gotsis, G. and Grimani, K. 2015, "Virtue theory and organizational behavior: an integrative framework",Journal of Management Development,vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 1288-1309. Hauser, L. 2014, "WORK MOTIVATION IN ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR",Economics, Management and Financial Markets,vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 239. Lazaroiu, G. 2015, "Work motivation and organizational behavior",Contemporary Readings in Law and Social Justice,vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 66. Ljungholm, D.P. 2014, "EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR",Economics, Management and Financial Markets,vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 128. Waller, M.J. 2015, "Organizational Behavior: A Brief Overview and Safety Orientation",Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care,vol. 45, no. 12, pp. 378-381. Wittman, D. 2014, "Strategic behavior and organizational structure in religions",British Journal of Political Science,vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 717.

Siddhartha By Herman Hesse Essays - Allegory, Siddhartha

Siddhartha by Herman Hesse In Herman Hesse's Siddhartha, Unity is a reflecting theme of this novel and in life. Unity is ?the state of being one or a unit; harmony, agreement in feelings or ideas or aims, etc.? Unity is first introduced by means of the river and by the mystical word ?Om.? Direct commentary from Siddhartha and the narrator also introduces the theme. Frequent allusions to the river correspond w/ Siddhartha's infinite thoughts of Unity and his initial plans to strive for it. Siddhartha has a number of specific goals during the course of this novel, but in no way does this detract from the bare nature of his ultimate goal. The accomplishment of specific goals was an important part of the progression approaching his absolute state of Unity. Siddhartha see things united and somehow entangled in a seemingly endless and meaningless circular chain of events. Allusions frequently show Siddhartha's conditions by means of clever imagery suggesting circular motion and an immobile state. Siddhartha is first compared to a potter's wheel that slowly revolves and comes to a stop. From here, Siddhartha meets the elegant and beautiful, Kamala, gets caught ?off track? and entangles himself in a ?senseless cycle? of acquiring and squandering wealth. In the final chapters, Siddhartha proves that achieving or over-coming obstacles do lead to better Unity. Prior to making a leap forward in reaching his goal, Siddhartha finds himself in despair. He speaks to Vasudeva, the ferryman. The ferryman smiles and says very little, allowing the River to speak for him. Siddhartha listens as the River reveals its first true, complete message. ?Om.? Siddhartha hears. His ?wounds? heal, losing the attachment he had for his son. Siddhartha merges into Unity ; he attains his ultimate goal. The River is essential in helping Siddhartha come to an important realization of Unity. He hears the river laugh at him, making him realize that he is acting foolish. He is reminded of his father upon the viewing of his own reflection. Siddhartha realizes that his son's departure is a duplication of his choice to leave his parents earlier in the story, and thereby is another indication of the Unity of all things. Siddhartha is clearly the perfect and glorious character in this book. He, an individual, has found his own way to the desired goal of peace, harmony, and Unity.

An experience with NOFX essays

An experience with NOFX essays On November 26th I went to the Stone Pony in New York to see another of my favorite bands, NOFX. NOFX is a punk-ska band. Punk meaning fast paced drumbeats and quick singing and ska meaning a song played with trumpets. The band members are Fat Mike (vocals, bass), El Hefe (guitar, trumpet, vocals), Eric Melvin (guitar, vocals), and Erik Sandin (drums). The one thing I found out there was that El Hefe sings a lot. I thought he only sings in a few songs but when I heard them play, I noticed that he sang about half of the songs. NOFX music has considerable groove for a punk band and is sparked by the two lead guitarists, Eric Melvin and El Hefe. Tight play between the band's four members, and short, fast, punchy songs, with a laid back approach would even Their songs talk about racism, politics, social problems, sex, drugs, lesbians, bums, alcohol, animal freedom... and many other strange subjects. In their music you will find punk, of course, but also rock, hardcore, ska, even reggae and jazz. If you ask me they are a just a punk-ska band. Their songs are interesting and different from one another. Each song has it's own characteristics. The lyrics are very interesting, sometimes strange, and sometimes incomprehensible. You basically just have to understand them in your The club was packed, or more accurately, stuffed. After much anticipation the punk gods, NOFX hit the stage and the crowd surged with excitement even before they opened the set with one of my favorite songs, "Reagan Sucks." The next song they played was "Bob". They played songs from the album "Flossing a Dead Horse" - which is one massive trumpet solo presented by El Hefe. The next song they played was "Eat the Meek" with trumpet and lead vocals by El Hefe. The mosh pit was monstrous and seemed to gain in size as it rotated in circles ...

Steps to make ethical practice in the workplace a reality Essay

Steps to make ethical practice in the workplace a reality - Essay Example Since majority of the people in the world goes to work, it is important that one possesses good ethics in the work place. Good ethics is an essential attribute that an individual must possess in order to lessen conflicts in that might arise in the work place. Steps to Make Ethical Practice in the Work Place a Reality Work ethics main concern is how everyone gets along which each other, Weinstein (2009) explains that it encompasses the right attitudes, proper behavior, respect, open communication and appropriate interaction on how people show who and what kind of person they are. Christian values may be incorporated in the formulation of rules and guidelines for employees and following the words of God will actually guide one into having the ideal work attitude and may lead to further career growth. A company could consider incorporating the four basic values which are trust, responsibility, respect and care, as the primary step to achieve good work ethics. Kidd claims that †¦ â €˜it is about healing, empowerment, liberation and transcendence.’ Trust or faith connotes how trustworthy a person is. Imagine the employees of an accounting firm do not have trust in each other that firm is doomed to fail. Trust as defined by Spirit Home ‘indicates a depth and a sense of assurance that is based on strong but not logically-conclusive evidence,  and/or  based on the character, ability, or truth shown by someone or something over time or across situations.’ Once the employees begin to trust each other and the company, a sense of safeness can be integrated. And the breach of trust would result in multiple damages. Spirit Home insinuates that when trust starts to break, people become afraid. Proper communication within all the levels of the organization combined with doing the reciprocal, showing that one also trusts the other will ensure that this value remains intact in the work place. MDE (2004) states that ‘Getting things accomplish ed is more effective when people know who is responsible.’ Responsibility means making it clear to the individuals that they are accountable for their work. People work better when they have been briefed on what they have to do than to have them assume they know their duties. It is the responsibility of the management of a company to orient its entire workforce on the scope of each individual’s responsibility; this should be done to avoid any overlapping in their work that might result in repetitive outputs which only waste precious time. Lack of this will also result in finger pointing whenever something goes wrong and leaves the workplace an ill-environment to be in. Respect is a subjective term. People can create their own meaning of the word based from their experiences. However, Ulrich et al. (2009) claims that ‘respect is important in the†¦.profession’ that ‘†¦it should be practiced with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity , worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status and personal attributes†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Any workplace would be a harmonious one if people begin by respecting one another. This must be innate in everyone, to revere in each other’s attribute, ethnicity, race and stature in life. Showing people you care for them is another vital value that should be included in the ethical practice. Caring is like the other values stated above which definition depends on the person’

No more Privacy polices Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

No more Privacy polices - Term Paper Example This is manifested on how machines that we encounter in daily activities like ATMs and supermarkets and such things store our data, which are not limited to personal but includes behavioral patterns determined through recorded choices (Moor 1997:27). This kind of phenomenon intrudes one’s privacy. In some cases, the data gathered through these channels can be used to oppress or tamper’s one’s right, not just privacy but extends to other rights innate to individual like due process and others. In dealing with complex issue of privacy, there is a need to look at in a theoretical perspective: ethical theory of privacy. Three – fold premises emerges: something vital and important to defend and something based on individual’s preference and the importance of privacy (Moor 1997:28). There is a need to be not confused on how these premises work. Having Moor as the point of departure, I shall project a more concise use and view of the term â€Å"privacy†. One thing to take into account is that privacy is an instrument for protection from harm, which could be an incursion of personal life that is no longer the scope of outside forces (Moor 1997:28). One example is HIV+ individuals whose medical information can be prejudiced, which can be a cause for non – selection in a profession or can face other forms of discrimination (Moors 1997:28). In this case, privacy accords individual safety to assure enjoyment of equal benefits like fair treatment in work place or any other things that should be enjoyed by everyone. Furthermore, privacy is a tool to build relationship to people (Moors 1997:28). In the case of building relationships, there are certain personal things that are kept private for the sake of assurance and acceptance. Sometimes, in intimate relationships, like marriages, privacy can be considered absence since trust is a condition to be met. There is a need to be open about one’s actions and decisions since it is shared.

Organised Crime and the Criminal Justice Process

Organised Crime and the Criminal Justice Process This essay will begin with a brief outline of the historical work of organised crime. Then the definition of organised crime will be given with examples of areas associated with organised crime. The Criminal Justice Process will then be explained and the role of the Serious Organised Crime Agency including the Assets Recovery Agency with statistics showing the economic and social impact of organised crime. Finally a brief outline of Cohen’s view of organised crime will be given and the role of the victims of crime as key players in the Criminal Justice Process and ending with Box’s clues to understand most serious crimes. According to King et al; (2000) â€Å"the battle over the origins of organized crime is one being constantly fought, and historians have utilized archive data, such as police and judicial reports, economic evidence, pamphlets, diaries and biographies, to disinter the professional and organized criminal†. Furthermore, King et al; (2000) states that â€Å"organised crime seems to have been a feature of British society from Elizabethan times onwards and British studies of professional criminals, some of them displaying elements of organization, indicate a wide range of activities†. However, by the eighteenth century professional and organized criminal gangs, armed with a variety of criminal strategies from petty theft and violence to fraud, were firmly established in Britain (King et al; 2000). Criminals not only established their activities in London where the market place was most affluent and the control of the emerging working class was at its most ineffective, but also in coastal, rural and provincial areas (King et al; 2000). The definition of Organised crime is broadly seen as economically motivated offending which involves more than two people (Hale et al; 2005). Furthermore, Hale et al; (2005) suggests that â€Å"unlike legally defined crimes or predicate offences such as murder, drug trafficking and money laundering, organised crime tends to be confined to its structures and relationships and the general nature of crimes committed by such associations†. According to Hale et al; (2005) Article 2 of the ‘United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime’ states that an â€Å"organised criminal group must have at least three members operating in concert to commit a serious crime as part of an internally structured organization which has been in existence over a period of time preceding and subsequent to the commission of the criminal act†. Whilst such a definition provides a general framework of understanding, it can in practice undermine effective law enforcement responses (Hale et al; 2005). An organised crime group can include anything from a four person, low level racketeering group to a highly complex, international networks involved in human trafficking or money laundering (Hale et al; 2005). Get help with your essay from our expert essay writers Furthermore according to Marshall, (1998) â€Å"organised crime is a term used for situations where a large number of people in a hierarchical structure are engaged in an on-going pattern of criminal activities†. The most common areas associated with organised crime are extortion and the provision of illegal goods and services, such as drink, drugs, gambling, money laundering and prostitution (Marshall, 1998). According to Marshall, (1998) â€Å"these activities involve continuous relations with the victims or clients, who have contact with the lower echelons of the organization†. In order to succeed organised or syndicate crime involves some element of corruption or intimidation of the police or other law enforcement agents (Marshall, 1998). Marshall, (1998) suggests that â€Å"organised crime is often thought to be synonymous with a secret society, such as the Tongs of the Chinese diaspora, the Camorra of the nineteenth century Naples and the Mafia of Sicily and Costa Nostra in the United States†. Although, according to Marshall, (1998) â€Å"it seems more likely that if such societies exist at all, they do not actually run criminal activities, but rather act as a fraternal organisations for some of the racketeers†. On the other hand, according to Marshall, (1998) â€Å"organised crime is associated with violence and threats in the course of extortion, but also in the maintenance of control over subordinates, and struggles for power within groups and the struggles for monopoly control between groups†. Furthermore, Hale et al; (2005) points out that â€Å"organised crime can be argued as primarily a reactive phenomenon, exploiting gaps in a diverse and lucrative market†. Also according to Hale et al; (2005) â€Å"Its clientele are, for the most part, ‘ordinary’ folk who seek, alternative routes to satisfying needs unmet or proscribed by the legislatures of the countries they inhabit or pass through†. However, according to Hale et al; (2005) â€Å"In many cases clients are also victims, obliged or enticed into cooperation, as in the trafficking of women and children and in areas of economic decline and acute social inequality organised crime can provide alternative employment and a reinstatement of status, a situation currently common in former communist states†. According to Kelbie, (2007) â€Å"Human trafficking is a growing trade and it is estimated that around 700,000 people are trafficked in Europe every year, and most of them are women and girls who are forced into prostitution, while others are brought in to work illegally†. Furthermore, Kelbie, (2007) estimates â€Å"that 4,000 women are trafficked into Britain each year and are forced to work in the multi-million pound sex industry†. As more numbers of Eastern European and African Girls are trafficked into Britain, some as young as 12 years old, the traffickers are shifting their trade outside major cities (Kelbie, 2007). Consequently, as a result of this growing trade in Human Trafficking, Glasgow is the only city outside London to provide help and support to victims of sexual exploitation (Kelbie, 2007). Furthermore, according to Kelbie, (2007) â€Å"the city’s organised sex industry is worth approximately 7 million pounds a year, earned from the exploitation of women who are forced to work in saunas, private flats and as escorts†. The women forced to work in these places are regularly sold and re-sold between organised criminals operating in all of Britain’s major cities (Kelbie, 2007). Meanwhile, there are millions of incidences of online crime in Britain each year (Sharp, 2007). Furthermore, according to Sharp, (2007) â€Å"around 3 million internet crimes were committed in the UK last year and one of the most common is identity theft†. In 2004, two people were arrested in connection with an internet crime ring, the Shadow Crew, who planned to defraud consumers and banks out of hundreds of millions dollars (Sharp, 2007). British organised crime has it’s ‘families’ modelled along the lines of Mafia families in the United States. One of the most powerful recent criminal families has been the Arifs from Stockwell, in South London. They were involved in armed robberies and drug smuggling in the 1980s, and also owned a string of pubs, restaurant and clubs, and it is certain that these establishments were bought from the proceeds of their criminal activities (Giddens, 1977). According to Giddens, (1977) â€Å"Bekir Arif was jailed for five years at the end of the 1980s after being convicted of robbery with violence, and the reign of the Arifs ended in the early 1990s, following a series of police operations†. The head of the family, Dogan Arif is currently serving a fourteen year prison sentence for his part in a  £8.5 million drug smuggling deal (Giddens, 1977). In order to regulate and manage the risks that organised crime presents, investigation and law enforcement play important roles in bringing offenders to justice. According to Davies et al; (1998) â€Å"in exploring what a criminal justice aims to do, we need to distinguish between the goals of the system as a whole, and the functions of the different agencies who make up the system†. The cross-system goals of the criminal justice system according to Davies et al; (1998) are â€Å"protecting the public by preventing and deterring crime, by rehabilitating offenders and incapacitating others who constitute a persistent threat to the community, upholding and promoting the rule of law and respect for the law, by ensuring due process and proper treatment of suspects, arrestees, defendants and those held in custody, successfully prosecuting criminals and acquitting innocent people accused of crime†. Furthermore, â€Å"maintaining law and order, punishing criminals with regard to the principles of just deserts, and registering social disapproval of censured behaviour by punishing criminals, and finally aiding and advising the victims of crime†(Davies et al; 1998). The ‘National Crime Squad’ was put into effect by the Police Act 1997 and came into operation on the 1st April 1998 (Newburn, 2003). Furthermore, it merged with all regional crime squads. They targeted serious and organised crime, such as immigration crime, illegal arms and drug trafficking crimes and money laundering and counterfeiting (Davies et al; 2005). Following the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005, the Serious Organised Crime Agency was created and the agency officially came into being in April 2006, and its function was to tackle the growing problem of international criminal gangs. (Home Office, 2008). The agency was formed from the amalgamation of the National Crime Squad, the National Criminal Intelligence Service, the National Hi-Tech Crime Unit, the investigative and intelligence sections of HM Revenue and Customs on serious drugs trafficking and the UK Immigration Service responsible for organised immigration crime (Home Office, 2008). The Serious Fraud Office continues to be a separate agency. According to the (Home Office, 2008) â€Å"the economic and social impact of organised crime in the UK is staggering and statistics show that global profits from people smuggling is estimated to be $10 billion annually, 280,000 problem drug users cause half of all crime, every  £1 spent on heroin is estimated to generate about  £4 of damage to the national economy and there are around 400 organised crime bosses in the UK with an amassed criminal wealth of approximately  £440 million†. The economic and social cost of organised crime is estimated to be in the region of  £20 to  £40 billion per year (Home Office, 2008). Furthermore, the Home Office, (2004) strategic plan for Criminal Justice 2004-2008 was â€Å"the criminal justice process will relentlessly target the top 15-20 prolific offenders in each Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnership area, and more in bigger areas, and give the police, the Crown Prosecution Service and the |Serious Organised Crime Agency the powers they need to take on the most serious and organised criminals†. Also, the police, Crown Prosecution Service, courts and other agencies like the Serious Organised Crime Agency would be able to keep at least 50% of the value of all the criminal assets they help to seize (Home Office, 2004). The recovery of criminal assets would be the role of the Assets Recovery Agency which was set up under the Proceeds of Crime act 2002 and plays an important part in the government’s plans to seize the profit out of crime, and separate and prevent the criminal organizations from continuing with their activities by removing the money which motivates their activities and their major source of income (Assets Recovery Agency, 2008). Meanwhile, the (Assets Recovery Agency, 2008) has three strategic aims â€Å"to disrupt organised criminal enterprises through the recovery of criminal assets, thereby alleviating the effect of crime on communities, to promote the use of financial investigation as an integral part of criminal investigation, within and outside the Agency, domestically and internationally, through training and continuing professional development and to operate the agency in accordance with its vision and values†. As, the Assets Recovery Agency was formed to stop organised criminal activities through the recovery of assets, on the 16th January 2007, the government introduced the Serious Crime Bill to Parliament setting out their suggestion to amalgamate the operational elements of the Assets Recovery Agency with the Serious Organised Crime Agency, and the Agency’s training and accreditation function with the National Policing Improvement Agency (Assets Recovery Agency, 2008). On the 1st April 2008 the operational section of the Assets Recovery Agency merged with the Serious Organised Crime Agency. Commenting on the merger Hughes, of SOCA, (2008) said â€Å"we are gaining important skills and expertise with the arrival of Assets Recovery Agency staff and we welcome them into SOCA. Now that the merger has taken place we will get on with the job that parliament want us to do, namely depriving crooks of their ill-gotten gains†. However, the Home Office minister Coaker, of SOCA, (2008) said that â€Å"assets recovery is critical in the fight against all levels of crime and we are determined to stop criminals profiting from crimes which affect the lives of law abiding majority†. Meanwhile, Goggins, SOCA, (2008) said â€Å"this merger will strengthen the fight against crime in Northern Ireland as it combines the intelligence expertise of SOCA with the hands on practical experience of ARA. This combination will make the recovery of assets even more effective and strengthen our fight against those who profit from organised crime†. Under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 on 17th January 2008 the Asset Recovery Agency recovered assets worth at least  £4 million from the High Court in Belfast. Also, on 5th February 2008 the agency obtained a Civil Recovery Order in the High Court in London worth an estimated  £750,000 from a couple who had obtained the assets through the human trafficking of people, mainly from Eastern Europe into Britain to work in brothels (Assets Recovery Agency, 2008). According to the Home Office, (2008) â€Å"the Serious Organised Crime Agency Second Annual Report showed another record year in the war against drugs with almost 90 tonnes of class A drugs seized with partners at home and abroad, a 20 per cent increase on the previous year. The cocaine alone, cut to usual UK street quality, could have realised  £6bn†. Furthermore, according to the Home Office, (2008) â€Å"53 disclosure notices, requiring individuals to co-operate with investigations by producing documents or answering questions, and 46 warnings on crime threats issued to over 2,500 private sector organisations throughout the UK. Meanwhile, the Home office, (2008) quotes â€Å"over  £46m criminal assets restrained by the domestic courts†. All SOCA operations now include financial investigations with an additional 35 financial investigators appointed during 2007/2008. According to Wright, (2006) â€Å"For Cohen, it is necessary to map the interactions, processes and patterned relationships both within and outside organisations in a more holistic way. It is necessary to establish the social context of the criminal activities of ‘organised criminals’, as well as the structure of their associations†. Furthermore, for Wright, (2006) â€Å"Cohen points out that criminology has done little work on the nature of organisational processes in crime groups. It has overlooked such things as recruitment, socialisation of members within organisations, and the way in which subcultures are developed and maintained. It has also to a large extent ignored such things as the protection and insulation of participants from the impact of conventional moral definitions†. For Cohen, according to Wright, (2006) â€Å"criminal groups should be subject to assessment of their internal structures and to analysis of all societal activity as it bears upon the production of their criminal behaviour. It is necessary to show that the functional problems of human systems take a distinctive form in criminal enterprise and that this distinctiveness provides a justification for the specialised study of criminal organisation†. Victims of crime are now recognised as key players in the Criminal Justice Process. According to Zedner, (2002) â€Å"without the cooperation of the victim in reporting crime, furnishing evidence, identifying the offender, and acting as a witness in court, most crimes would remain unknown and unpunished. The reliance of the Criminal Justice System on the victim has proved to be a powerful bargaining tool in the recognition of the victims’ interests†. The Victims Charter was first published by the Home Office in 1990 and at the time signified an important way forward in the recognition of victims’ interests, though it had been criticized for offering little by way of enforceable standards (Zedner, 2002). The clues to understanding most serious crimes according to Box, (1983) â€Å"can be located in power, not weakness, in privilege, not disadvantage, in wealth, not poverty†. In conclusion, since the launch of the Serious Organised Crime Agency in April 2006 and the merging of the Assets Recovery Agency in April 2008, the Criminal Justice process in dealing with serious organised crime has had a huge impact on criminal gangs operating within the UK, with the recovery of their assets from their criminal activities and to make it harder for them to continue in their criminal ways. BIBLIOGRAPHY Assets Recovery Agency, (2008), â€Å"Making Sure Crime Doesn’t Pay†. Available at: http://www.assetsrecovery.gov.uk http://www.assetsrecovery.gov.uk/AboutARA/AimsandObjectives/ http://www.assetsrecovery.gov.uk/AboutARA/History/ Box, S. (1983), Power, Crime and Mystification, Tavistock Publications, London. Davies, M; Croall, H. and Tyrer, J. (1998), Criminal Justice: An Introduction to the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales, (2nd Edition), Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow, Essex. Davies, M; Croall, H. and Tyrer, J. (2005), Criminal Justice: An Introduction to the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales, (3rd Edition), Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow, Essex. Giddens, A. (1997), Sociology, Polity Press, Cambridge. Hale, C; Hayward, K; Wahidin, A. and Wincup, E. (2005), Criminology, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Home Office, (2004), Cutting Crime, Delivering Justice: A Strategic Plan for Criminal Justice 2004-08. Home Office, London. Home Office, (2008), â€Å"Organised and International Crime†. Available at: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/crime-victims/reducing-crime/organised-crime/ Kelbie, P. (2007) â€Å"Kirk acts on human trafficking in Scotland†. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/may/20/humanrights.internationalcrime/print King, D.R; and Wincup, E. (2000), Doing Research on Crime and Justice, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Marshall, G. (1998), Oxford Dictionary of Sociology, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Newburn, T. (2003), Crime and Criminal Justice Policy, Harlow, Pearson. News Distribution Service, (2008), Home Office (National), â€Å"Tackling serious organised crime in new and different ways†. Available at: http://nds.coi.gov.uk/content/detail.asp?ReleaseID=367603NewsAreaID=2Navig.. Proceeds of Crime Update, (2008). Available at: http://www.assetsrecovery.gov.uk/MediaCentre/ProceedsOfCrimeUpdate/2008/ Serious Organised Crime Agency, (2008), â€Å"Merger of SOCA and ARA strengthens Government drive to deprive criminals of their assets†. Available at: http://www.soca.gov.uk Sharp, R. (2007), â€Å"Cybercrime†: Uncovered. Available at: http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/cybercrime-uncove Wright, A. (2006), Organised Crime, William Publishing, Devon. Zedner, L. (2002), ‘Victims’, in M. Maguire; R. Morgan and R. Reiner (eds), The |Oxford Handbook of Criminology (3rd edition), Oxford University Press.

Real World Connection

Real World Connector In the chapter Church, I felt a connection with Kiowa. â€Å"Not a minister,† he said, â€Å"but I do like churches. The way it feels inside. It feels good when you just sit there, like you’re in a forest and everything’s really quiet, except there’s still this sound you can’t hear†. The way I relate to this part is the same way I feel when I go to a temple (similar to a church) I feel the same way. When I go to the temple I sit there and listen to the prayer. But when I get into the prayer, everything goes quiet.I get this really good feeling inside myself. All my fears are taken over by peace. I think that’s why Kiowa says this is â€Å"just wrong† to be inside a holly place. One thing I didn’t understand the monks cleaning the solider weapons. Was there so representative of this. I know in my temple the minister is not allowed to touch weapons. Overall, a temple or a church are both religious place , but are both peaceful places. We are supposed to feel save in a place or worship. Henry Dobbin tells us about how he liked the whole idea of being a minister. â€Å"I was a kid.The thing is, I believed in God and all that, but it wasn’t the religious part that interested me. Just being nice to people, that’s all. Being decent†. The teaching of any church or temple are the same. God tells us to be good humans, and give back to the community. I agree and disagree with Henry Dobbins. I agree with him to the part about being a nice person. I disagree with the part when he says â€Å"it wasn’t the religious part that interested me†. The reason I disagree with this is because reglion should about be an interest not only the lessons of God. Maybe I misunderstand what Henry Dobbin was saying.

Nursing Opportunities in NYU Downtown Hospital

Nurses are indispensable members of the work force unit division in health care system whose main role is to provide for doctor’s assistance and cater to the health status and palliative care of the patients. Technically though, the nurses have higher specialized forms or masteral degrees which elevates them to a higher position in hospital departments (e.g. perioperative nurse). The NYU Downtown Hospital is the only hospital in Manhattan that caters to the healthcare of the Lower Manhattan Community specifically that of the Chinese community. The hospital employs wide and diverse medical professionals to provide for quality healthcare of the community and amongst the members of the workforce are the nurses. In NYU Downtown, the hospital’s selection of nurses for a specific job requires a basic New York Registered Nurse qualification and related experiences. The nursing opportunities for the hospital vary from jobs descriptive of leadership, staffs and per diem positions. Vacancies in leadership positions are on the following types: Nurse Manager for the peri-operative division, clinical nurse specialist in the Maternal Child Health Division, Nursing Administrative Supervisors for morning and evening shifts, and Registered Nurse Case Manager. For the staff positions, there are vacancies in the following departments and the corresponding time table: Emergency Room, Operating Room and Labor and Delivery for 12 hr duty day or night and Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) positions for 7.5 hr per day. Per diems are available for all units in the hospital on all shifts. The workplace is suitable for nurse employment because aside from sufficient wages and benefits, the hospital meets the standards of the healthcare system in terms of management and services rendered. The salary of registered nurses in the district is $53, 065 as of 2002 with an annual increase rate of 1% per year. Benefits include health,   dental , liability insurance, disability and   compensation programs, refunds and   annuity plans. Subsidies for houses, parkings and discounts are also available for employees. NYU Downtown Hospital’s vacancies for nursing positions mirror one of the stigmas of the New York medical profession nowadays — nursing shortage. As previously mentioned the singularity of the hospital in the area implies a huge demand for medical practitioners including the nurses. Unfortunately, in the entire New York, the supply of nurses does not meet the high rate of nurse demand. Although there are more than 234,000 Registered Nurses and 68,900 LPNs in 2001, the prediction for nurse sustainability is bad since there was an overall drop for the 1999 to 2001. Slow growth rate for Registered Nurses may indicate problems for the quality healthcare and     according to he National Sample Survey of registered Nurses, the state ranked second to the last in terms of RN percentage employment. The nursing shortage in New York are caused by several factors: aging workforce, increased job opportunities for women, low wages and benefits and other related factors which caused a decreased in the supply. Manhattan’s Downtown Hospital is aggravated, because as the lone hospital they must cater to both the resident and the non-resident community. (Non-residents are approximated at almost 400,000 per day.) The general trend for nursing shortage creates opportunities for work in the nursing arena in the New York Downtown Hospital. Although, the workplace and the salaries are sufficient enough for nursing occupation, NYU Downtown’s nursing problems may be fueled by a larger economic workforce crisis in the nursing arena. References Beu, B. â€Å"The nursing shortage and the nurse reinvestment act.† AORN Journ., 79(2004):1061-1063. Downtown Hospital. (2008). New York Downtown Hospital. Retrieved February 14, 2008, from New York Downtown Hospital database. Mitchell, G. J â€Å"Nursing shortage or nursing famine: Looking beyond numbers?† Nursing Science Quarterly, 16(2003), 219-24. The Registered Nurse Population. National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses- March 2000. Preliminary Findings, February 2001. Bureau of Health Professions, Division of Nursing.   

Understanding Business Growth how it happens and why - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2780 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Different people have different views about the growth of business. In simple language Business Growth can be understood as growth of a business. To understand it more widely and make the concept clear about business growth it is important to understand its meaning in business terms. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Understanding Business Growth how it happens and why" essay for you Create order In other words we can say that how we come to know that business is growing or has shown growth. We can say a business is growing when you achieve satisfaction of end consumers by producing goods or services at minimum possible cost through utilizing all the available resources. For an investor, growth is an investment style which looks for stocks with high earnings and revenue growth. Business growth can also be understood as any firm generating essential positive cash earnings or flows and that flow increases at faster rate than the general economy. Definitions and Business Platform The term platform is used in various different situations. Earlier the term platform was used as a synonym of operating system. However, today it has a wider meaning and is used to describe variety of situations. Business platform is a method which creates an environment of integration to accelerate approach of operation towards partners and customers. The business platform reduces the gap between the operations, partners and customers and brings them closer. Reducing the gap between these three important elements enables the business to perform efficiently and properly which leads to reduce cost of production and increase customer satisfaction. For growth of any type of business customer satisfaction is very important and essential as todays economy is a customer oriented economy ands not product oriented (Zook, Allen, 2001) . The business platform not only brings these three vital elements closer but also finds efficiencies and unlocks innovations from every part of the busin ess. Business platforms have number of characteristics in common. Platforms are open to everyone and can be put up easily. Even though, platforms can be commercial or non commercial no one needs to take permission or pay money before building up a business platform. Platforms magnetize builders community, in order to increase these communities; these communities should be taken care of and managed properly. Building community helps in building the business more efficiently as because of the community one get help of suppliers, customers and partners. It removes barriers and makes flow efficient by giving the option of self-service access. Platforms do not differentiate between large and small builders. Some platforms allow participation of small builders in the competition and these businesses sometimes even disturb present businesses. It is a two way contract between builders, who utilizes the platform and the platform provider, who offers the platform services to builders. Sometim es it has been seen that platform assist unexpected conclusions. Platform is a good thing when managed properly. We experienced in our project that platforms are very important to make people aware of our product. Platforms can be easily understood as Marketing. For our project we took help of different platforms like we announce about our project in mosque, stick posters on the walls of mosque, send direct marketing emails and text friend to pass this message. Below given are the stages, which a business goes through It has been observed that fast growing companies are disordered places to work. With the expansion of work and business, things or strategies which had worked well in past, start weakening and add no help. People and teams get flooded with workload and with the expansion of business, same managers who were very efficient earlier start committing mistakes with their expand area of control. Because of increase work load systems start collapsing (Burke, Barrow, 2008). Growth is pleasure when everything goes right however it is even more stressful when things happen incorrectly. Apart from this, this situation can prove to be fatal to an organization. The Greiner Curve is a helpful way of taking things at the time of crises of an organization which it faces with its expansion. Once you understand the Greiner Curve it will be easier for you to recognize the root cause of the problems faced by a fast growing business. Not only this after understanding the Greiner Curve properly youll be able to predict the problem before its occurrence and will be able to find a solution for it. Greiners Growth Model explains the stages that an organization goes through with its expansion. All types of organizations whether it is a design shop, construction company, manufacturing company or professional services firms face these problems. Every growth stage has an era of relatively constant growth, track by a crisis at the time of main organizational change for on going growth of company. The word crisis in dictionaries is defined as a turning point. However, most of us take it in negative sense as it is something related to fear. Certainly, every company needs to change at this point, however if one is fully prepared for these changes he need not to get panic about the changes. Larry E. Greiner initially proposed this method with five stages of growth in 1972. Afterwards he added one more stage to it in May 1998 (Assenn, 2009). Below given are the six stages of Greiner Curve The first stage of Greiner Curve is Growth Through Creativity. At this stage the founder of firm or entrepreneur are busy in creating products or services and opening markets. At this stage due to less number of employees informal communication is common and does not requires documentation of everything and rewards of performance are given in the form of stocks or profit sharing. However with the expansion in number of employees and additional capital formal communication start gaining importance. The first stage of Greiner Curve ends with Leadership Crisis where it becomes difficult to run the enterprise by founders of the firm or unskilled leaders. At this stage need of professional leader arises to mange the expand business. Once there is a need of professional leader in the organization, the founders have the option of either changing their way of working and take up this role or they can appoint a professional entrepreneur to look after the whole business of the organization. It happens with us also that at the initial stage it was not that difficult but as we increase number of product and people it becomes slightly difficult. The second stage is Growth through Direction. An organization with more formal communication keeps on growing and focuses on other different activities of business like production and marketing. At this stage incentive scheme comes into picture in the form of reward for performance. The old form of financial reward given as stock is replaced in this stage with incentive schemes. However in this stage a point comes where processes and products increased to such an extent that it becomes difficult for one person to keep an eye on every process and products. The number of hours available in a day does not seem sufficient to manage all the processes and products. It becomes difficult because of the lower down hierarchy. This stage finishes at an Autonomy Crisis and at this stage need of delegation arises. After growing in numbers d ecision making, time sustainability and team work gain importance. Rewards and recognition become important to motivate our team members. The third is named as Growth Through Delegation. At this stage new managers are appointed to manage the work or to delegate the work. The mid managers are made responsible for day to day process of the business. The mid managers also react in quick manner to opportunities in latest markets as well as to opportunities available for new products. The top management just takes care of big concerns and monitoring. The top management tries to look for acquisition or merger opportunities to expand the business. Many businesses struggle at this stage as manager whose direct approach solves the problem in stage 1 is now difficult to let it go and the mid managers also struggle with their new expanded responsibilities and increase responsibility as a leader. This stage winds up with Control Crisis. This stage ends up with the need of more classy head office function and requires split parts of business to work together. With the growth in activities and business delegation of responsibilities become important to run business. The fourth stage is named as Growth through Coordination and Monitoring stage. At this stage there arises a need of head office to combine and centralize all the split parts of organization. The growth of business continues with re organizing of previously isolated service practices or group of products. At this stage not only profits but investment finance is also allocated centrally and is managed in accordance with the Return On Investment (ROI). At this stage incentives are distributed in accordance with the company-wide profit share schemes associated to corporate goals. This stage of Greiner Curve last at Red Tape Crisis and with the requirement of a new structure and culture. This stage shows that centralization is important and for us it was the taem work which was required. The fifth stage o f Greiner Curve is Growth through Collaboration. This stage of business requires a new structure and culture. In this stage formal control of stage 2 and stage 4 are substitute by professional good sense. In this stage staff is group and re-grouped in teams lithely in teams to transport project in a medium structure which is supported by team based monetary rewards and classy information systems. This stage finishes due to crisis of Internal Growth. At this stage, further growth of business is only possible by doing partnerships with corresponding organizations. This was the stage when we took increased our production, took feedback and accordingly make changes to the product and its market price. The sixth and last stage of Greiner Curve is named as Growth Through Extra-Organizational Solutions. This stage is recently added by Greiners which states that growth can be continued through outsourcing, merger, networks and further several solutions linking other companies. At this st age an organization needs to combine with other organizations of same nature for further growth. This stage shows that we are stronger together and need to combine with competitor above mention stages can be different for different types of business and may last long or less depend upon the market condition or several other elements. Factors that determine Growth It is considered from both historical as well as analyst estimates that expansion is an external variable factor affecting value and is separated from operating derails of firm. The best way of including growth in worth is to make growth endogenous, in other words we can say, make the growth a role of what a firm reinvests concerning upcoming development plus the quality of firms reinvestment. Lets start with considering the association amid fundamentals and the growth in equity income. When we estimate cash flows in terms of equity, we normally start with estimation of the net income, while equity is valued in aggregate. However if we are determining growth on the basis of equity for each share we estimate earnings on each share. At this part we will first complete fundamentals determining anticipated expansion in earnings on every share. Expansion in revenue per share The growth determination based upon revenue on equity on a project and retention ratio is the simplest relationship determining growth. Firms which earn higher returns on equity and have bigger retention ratios are expected to have quite more growth rates on earnings every share than those firms which do not earn high amount of returns on equity and have low retention ratios. Below given formula will make it easy to understand   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€š Where, NIt  = Net Income in year t gt  = Growth Rate in Net Income Specified the explanation of the return on equity, net income in a year t-1 can be taken as:   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€š where,   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  ROEt-1  = Return on equity in year t-1 Net income in a year t can be taken as:   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€š Supposing that e return on equity remains unaffected, that implies that ROEt  = ROEt-1  =ROE,   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€š Here b is retention ratio. It is important to note that firms are not permitted to lift up equity by the way of issuing fresh shares. Therefore the rate of growth in earnings for each share and growth rate in the net income are same in above mention formula. The concept will be clearer with the help of below given illustration. In the figure, we would think about the predictable growth rate regarding earnings depending on retention ratio plus return on equity concerning the three companies that are Consolidated Edison, which is a synchronized utility, which put forward the power to the New York City along with its nearby areas, Procter and Gamble, one of the principal brand-name of consumer merchandise firm plus Reliance Industries, one of the biggest Indian manufacturing industry. In the table drawn below, we have summed up the proceeds on equity plus retention percentages and predictable growth rates in income for these three firms. Basic Rate of growth in Earnings for each Share  Return on Equity Retention Ratio Predictable Growth Rate Consolidated Edison 11.63% 29.96% 3.49% Procter Gamble 29.37% 49.29% 14.48% Reliance Industries 19.43% 82.57% 16.04% Reliance possesses the maximum predictable growth rate when it comes to income per share, supposing that it could be able to uphold its existing returns on equity plus retention ratio. The first firm Procter Gamble can be anticipated to place a strong growth rate, even though the actuality is that a company pays even over fifty percent of its revenue in the form of dividends, for the reason of its elevated returns on equity. Alternatively, Consolidated Edison has a very squat predictable growth rate. The reason is that its retention ratios and returns on equity are lackluster. Expansion in Net Income In case, we unwind the supposition that the lone resource of equity is saved earnings, then the development in the net income would be dissimilar from the augmentation in revenue per share. Instinctively, remember that a company can cultivate net income drastically by issuing fresh equity to finance latest projects, despite the fact that earnings for each share be idle. To obtain the association amid fundamentals and net income development, we must make a gauge of how much outlay goes further than retained earnings. A way to get hold of a measure like this is be estimating straight forwardly the amount of equity a company reinvests back in the businesses with the shape of funds in working capital and net capital disbursements. Not like retention ratio, the figure can be pretty over and above 100% because companies can elevate new equity. Predictable growth in the net income then can be defined as: Predictable Growth in Net Income = Below given illustration can be helpful in understanding it more clearly. To approximate development in the operating income depending on fundamentals, we should take a glimpse at the three companies of Coca Cola, Sony and Nestle. In the table given below, we initially guess the constituents of equity reinvestment plus utilize it for estimating the rate of reinvestment for all the companies. We also put forward return on equity along with the predictable rate of growth in net income regarding all these firms. Expected Growth in Net Income  Net Income Net Cap Ex Working capital (WC) Delta Paid Net Debt Reinvestment Rate (equity) Equity return (ROE) Rate of Growth (Expected) Coca Cola   $ 2177 m 468 852 -$104.00 65.41% 23.12% 15.12% Nestle SFr 5763m 2470 368 272 44.53% 21.20% 9.44% Sony   JY 30.24b 26.29 -4.1 3.96 60.28% 1.80% 1.09% The pros and cons of this policy are evident in the above table. This approach in the approved manner confines accurate reinvestment in a firm by concentrating not based on what was preserved but on the amount that was reinvested. A drawback of this way is that, the rudiments, which goes in the capital expenses plus reinvestment, net balance issued and working capital adjustments are all in unbalanced numbers. Notice that Coca Cola cleared off the debt in the previous year, at the same time as reinvesting back in the business plus working capital of Sony also dropped. In reality, it wo uld in all probability be a lot more sensible to gaze at the standard reinvestment rate spanning over 3 or 5 years, instead of merely the existing year. We will come back to scrutinize this question with added profundity when we take a look at development in the operating income (Greiner, Semmler, Gong, 2005). The experience of this project was all increase knowledge and fun. The key points which we learn are for growth of any firm or organization whether it is big or small, improved management skill, time management, innovations and team work is very important. Whatever may be the growth level of a business, theres always a scope of improvement.